Hypermenorrhea

(menstrual bleeding that exceeds the canonical 7-8 days) and metrorrhagia (unexpected vaginal bleeding during the intermenstrual phase).
The link between hypermenorrhea, menorrhagia and metrorrhagia is very close, so much so that it is often very difficult to distinguish the three phenomena. Not surprisingly, the causal factors that trigger these disorders are almost identical.
In some cases, hypermenorrhea is also associated with situations of polymenorrhea, ie a shortening of the menstrual period (menstruation too close to each other).

, in physiological conditions, they are around 30-35 ml, in hypermenorrhea the total menstrual flow can reach up to 80 ml. However, it remains almost complicated to accurately establish the amount of blood lost during menstruation, since it is estimated that about half of the losses are represented by endometrial transudate, extra-blood fluids and mucus.

: Iron deficiency in the blood is a condition that afflicts many women with hypermenorrhea. In this regard, upon medical prescription, an "iron supplementation" is recommended. In the most serious cases of hypermenorrhea, blood transfusions must be used to rebalance blood losses.

it is unable to stop blood loss: in practice, it is unable to hemostatize when the functional layer detaches from the mucosa.

Hemostasis cannot be guaranteed when there is an accumulation of blood in the uterus (congestion), associated with the physiological loss of blood in the menstrual cycle: if these factors are added to the inability of the endometrium to contract correctly and coagulation diseases, the haemorrhagic picture is further amplified.
Hypermenorrhea could indicate adenomas, myomas, uterine polyps and genital organic pathologies in general, but it could also indicate more serious diseases, such as nephropathy, leukemia, hypertension (systemic pathologies).
Endometritis, ie acute inflammation of the endometrium, can cause accumulation of blood; at the time of menstruation, congestions can create hypermenorrhea.
Among the other causal factors that contribute to the manifestation of hypermenorrhea, we recall the introduction of foreign bodies into the vagina: for example, intrauterine devices with contraceptive action could irritate the mucosa and cause hypermenorrhea; even contraceptive pills, especially low-dose ones, could cause unpleasant phenomena of hypermenorrhea due to a possible "refusal" by the uterus to "accept" hormonal modulation. In general, women who take the low-dose contraceptive pill and suffer from hypermenorrhea, they are not constitutionally suitable to support a progestin therapy of this type: the uterus, in fact, interprets the low dosage of the pill as the opportune moment to promote menstruation. In this case, the gynecologist can propose a pill alternative to the patient.
In addition, some antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs could also weigh on the uterus and promote episodes of hypermenorrhea.
Another factor that affects the onset of hypermenorrhea is the variation in estrogen production: from a clinical-diagnostic point of view, a "hyper-production of estrogen involves a change in the morphology of the uterine structures. In fact, the glands increase in volume, the uterine mucosa s "thickens and the proliferative phase is enhanced and prolonged: in this way hypermenorrhea is favored.
In the opposite case, ie in the absence of estrogen, hypermenorrhea occurs through another mechanism: uterine haemostasis is no longer guaranteed due to poor development of the uterus muscles.
Obviously, the general fatigue of the woman, stress, work, and environmental variations could, in some way, facilitate the onset of hypermenorrhea: in these cases it is a transitory and absolutely harmless phenomenon, but the opinion of the gynecologist is always recommended.

and possibly a curettage (test in the uterine cavity).
Typically, appropriate medications are prescribed, such as clotting substances and medicines that enhance the tone of the uterine or hormone-based muscles.

coagulation diseases

adenomas, myomas, uterine polyps, and organic genital pathologies

nephropathy, leukemia, hypertension

endometritis

congestion

introduction of foreign bodies into the vagina

contraceptive pills, especially low-dose ones

antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs

variation in estrogen production

Incidence

Women in the fertile period

Diagnosis for Hypermenorrhea

Careful examination, biopsy, reading of blood values, curettage (test in the uterine cavity)

Therapy to resolve hypermenorrhea

Coagulants, drugs that enhance the tone of the uterine muscles or hormones