IMIDAZYL Antihistamine ® is a drug based on Nafazoline nitrate + Tonzilamine hydrochloride
THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Ophthalmologicals - Decongestants and antiallergics
Indications IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® Nafazolina and Tonzilamina
IMIDAZYL Antihistamine ® is indicated in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye characterized by tearing, photophobia and pain.
Mechanism of action IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® Nafazolina and Tonzilamina
IMIDAZYL Antistaminico® is a medicinal specialty based on Nafazoline, an active ingredient belonging to the category of sympathomimetic drugs and therefore used as a nasal and ophthalmic decongestant.
Its efficacy of action is due to the ability to bind adrenergic receptors, in particular the alpha 1 and alpha 2 expressed at the level of the smooth muscle of the blood vessel, determining a "local vasoconstrictor action useful in reducing the blood flow to the level of the mucosa.
The local effect of naphazoline in fact allows to reduce the edema associated with the hypervascularization of the inflamed mucosa, guaranteeing a control of the complained symptoms without systemic side effects.
Tonzilamina, on the other hand, as an agent with antihistamine and anticholinergic activity, is able to control the secretion of the various lacrimal glands while reducing the classical symptoms associated with the hypersecretion of histamine, thus completing the biological action of naphazoline.
Studies carried out and clinical efficacy
CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF NAFAZOLINE
Clin Ther. 2005 May; 27: 568-77.
A comparison of the clinical efficacy of pheniramine maleate / naphazolinehydrochloride ophthalmic solution and olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmicsolution in the conjunctival allergen challenge model.
Greiner JV, Udell IJ.
Study demonstrating the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of naphazoline in relieving the signs and symptoms of ocular allergic reactions in patients aged between 20 and 70 years.
IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND ROS
Photochem Photobiol. 2010 Jan-Feb; 86: 23-30. doi: 10.1111 / j.1751-1097.2009.00616.x. Epub 2009 Aug 26.
A comparative kinetic and mechanistic study between tetrahydrozoline andnaphazoline toward photogenerated reactive oxygen species.
Criado S, GarcÃa NA.
Very interesting work that evaluates the production of reactive oxygen species following the use of naphazoline, potentially responsible for photo oxidation with an aggravation of the clinical picture possibly present in patients with ophthalmological problems.
ABUSE OF DECONGESTANTS AND CONJUNCTIVITIS
Arch Ophthalmol. 1997 Jan; 115: 34-8.
Acute and chronic conjunctivitis due to over-the-counter ophthalmicdecongestants.
Soparkar CN, Wilhelmus KR, Koch DD, Wallace GW, Jones DB.
Work that denounces the risk of onset of conjunctivitis following the abuse of ophthalmological decongestants on free sale, reaffirming the need for medical supervision during this type of treatment.
Method of use and dosage
IMIDAZYL Antihistamine®
Eye drops of 0.1 g of Nafazolin nitrate and 0.1 g of Tonzilamina hydrochloride per 100 ml of solution.
Generally it is recommended to instill 1-2 drops directly into the affected eye 2-3 times a day, taking care not to prolong the therapy beyond 4-5 days.
Warnings IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® Nafazolina and Tonzilamina
Therapy with IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® should be recommended and supervised by your doctor after a careful assessment of the patient's state of health and the severity of his clinical picture.
Despite the low systemic absorption of its active ingredients, IMIDAZYL Antistaminico® should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, heart disease and hypertension.
In order to minimize the side effects of the therapy it is recommended not to exceed 4-5 days of treatment; should the first adverse reactions appear, it would be advisable to contact your doctor with whom to evaluate the possibility of interrupting the treatment.
PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING
The use of IMIDAZYL Antistaminico® during pregnancy and in the subsequent period of breastfeeding is generally contraindicated, given the absence of studies capable of characterizing the safety profile of the active ingredients for fetal health.
Interactions
The patient treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take IMIDAZYL Antistaminico® at the same time or before two weeks from the suspension of treatment due to the increased risk of hypertension.
Contraindications IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® Nafazolina and Tonzilamina
The use of IMIDAZYL Antistaminico® is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to the active substance or to one of its excipients, in patients with glaucoma and in pregnant or breastfeeding women.
Undesirable Effects - Side Effects
Therapy with IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® could lead to the onset of mydriasis, increased intraocular pressure and headache.
Systemic side effects associated with this therapy are much rarer.
Note
IMIDAZYL Antihistamine® is a drug not subject to mandatory medical prescription.
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