Generality
The trigger finger, also defined stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexors of the fingers, is an "inflammation that affects the synovial tendon-sheath complex, causing pain and progressive disability of the hand.
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Due to the inflammatory process, the involved flexor tendons find it difficult to slide through the tenosynovial sheath, until the metacarpophalangeal joint is completely blocked. In passing from the flexion to the extension position, the patient feels a "click" , determined by the difficulty of passing the entrance of the canal, due to the swelling at the base of the joint. The fingers most frequently affected by the disorder are the thumb, middle or ring finger of the dominant hand.
From a clinical point of view, stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexors of the fingers can present with different characters, in relation to the evolutionary stage of the disease. The classification of the clinical pictures of the trigger finger, associated with the different degrees of the pathology, is useful for the choice of therapeutic treatment:
Green classification
Grade Clinical picture
THE
Pain, edema, irregular finger movements
II
Block in flexion actively correctable
III
Passively correctable flexion lock
IV
Non-correctable flexion lock
Treatment
In relation to the manifestation of symptoms and the duration of the disorder, there are various therapeutic options:
