CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN © is a drug based on Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate

THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Antimicrobials - antibiotics for systemic use

Indications CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN ® is used in the clinic in the treatment of infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to fluoroquinolones and more precisely to Ciprofloxacin.
This treatment has been shown to be effective against infections of the respiratory, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, ENT, skin and soft tissues.

Mechanism of action CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN ® is a drug based on Ciprofloxacin, an active ingredient with bacteriostatic activity belonging to the family of second generation Fluoroquinolones, therefore having a broader spectrum of action and excellent pharmacokinetic properties.
Taken orally, in fact, it is rapidly absorbed in the intestine, and in particular in the small intestine, reaching the maximum plasma concentration in about 60-120 minutes and distributing itself evenly among the various tissues.
Once its activity is finished, it is eliminated mainly in unchanged form through the urine, thus managing to carry out a significant antiseptic action at the urinary level.
This activity is due to the ability of Ciprofloxacin to bind and inhibit bacterial type II and IV topoisomerases, thus being able to block the processes of bacterial replication, transcription and repair.
Despite the "broad spectrum of action" and the excellent bioavailability, different microorganisms have put in place a series of resistance mechanisms capable of reducing the therapeutic efficacy of Ciprofloxacin thus compromising the bacteriostatic activity and thus contributing to the spread of multi microbial species. resistant.

Studies carried out and clinical efficacy

DIFFUSION OF STRAINS RESISTANT TO FLUORICHINOLONE THERAPY

BMC Res Notes. 2012 Dec 27; 5: 696.

Increasing ciprofloxacin resistance of isolates from infected urines of a cross-section of patients in Karachi.

Abdullah FE, Memon AA, Bandukda MY, Jamil M.

Very important epidemiological study that demonstrates the increased diffusion of microbial strains resistant to ciprofloxacin therapy, responsible for the significant reduction of the biological efficacy of antibiotic therapy. Among the resistant strains, Stafillococci, E.Coli and Klebsiella were identified.

THE DERIVATIVES OF CIPROFLOXACIN IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Future Med Chem. 2013 Jan; 5: 81-96.

Medicinal potential of ciprofloxacin and its derivatives.

Castro W, Navarro M, Biot C.

Review describing the importance of pharmaceutical research in the development of new antibiotic derivatives from Ciprofloxacin capable of broadening the spectrum of microorganisms sensitive to it, while reducing the onset of resistance mechanisms.

INHALED CIPROFLOXACIN

Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2012 Dec; 10: 1439-46. doi: 10.1586 / eri.12.136.

Inhaled ciprofloxacin for chronic airways infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Antonela Antoniu S.

Very interesting study that demonstrates how new routes of administration of Ciprofloxacin, such as inhalation, can be effective and safe in the treatment of chronic respiratory tract infections, especially when sustained by microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aueriginosa.

Method of use and dosage

CIPROXIN ®
Coated tablets of 250 mg - 500 mg - 750 mg of Ciprofloxacin;
500mg - 1000mg modified release coated tablets of Ciprofloxacin;
Ciprofloxacin 250 mg solution for oral suspension.
The therapeutic schemes envisaged for the use of CIPROXIN ® must take into account:

• Kidney function of the patient;
• Physio-pathological situation;
• Severity of clinical conditions;
• Possible predisposition to the development of secondary pathologies.

Despite this, the therapeutic range generally used oscillates between 500 and 1500 mg divided into two different intakes.
For modified-release tablets, it is recommended that adults take one tablet a day.

CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin warnings

The use of CIPROXIN ® should be preceded by a careful medical examination aimed at evaluating the prescribing appropriateness, especially in relation to the possible presence of conditions incompatible with the Fluoroquinolone-based therapy.
It is important to characterize the type of microorganism responsible for the pathological condition, so that the most appropriate drug therapy can be implemented, possibly combining the use of Ciprofloxacin with that of other antibiotics.
Remembering the ability of fluoroquinolones to induce photosensitivity, it would therefore be advisable to avoid direct exposure to ultraviolet rays during therapy with CIPROXIN ®.
An adjustment of the normal dosages used would be necessary in patients with reduced renal function, in order to optimize the pharmacokinetic characteristics, and in all patients undergoing concomitant pharmacological therapies based on active ingredients metabolized by cytochromial enzymatic systems.
It is also important to consider how the use of Ciprofloxacin has rarely been associated with the onset of haemolytic anemia, especially in patients with glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency.

PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING

Although the studies currently present, of an experimental type, do not demonstrate direct toxicity of Ciprofloxacin to the fetus, it would still be advisable to avoid the use of this antibiotic during pregnancy and in the subsequent lactation period.
The use of CIPROXIN ® is also contraindicated during breastfeeding given the ability of Ciprolfloxacin to be secreted unchanged in breast milk.

Interactions

In order to reduce possible complications related to the interaction between drugs, it would be advisable for the patient receiving CIPROXIN ® to pay attention to the contextual intake of:

• Foods, supplements and drugs containing divalent metals, given the ability to form chelating complexes, responsible for reducing the therapeutic efficacy of the antibiotic;
• Thiazanidine, methotrexate, theophylline, xanthines and phenytoin for the altered tubular secretion induced by Ciprofloxacin;
• Oral anticoagulants, due to the increased anticoagulant activity induced by Ciprofloxacin.

Contraindications CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN ® is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to the active substance or to one of its excipients, in patients receiving concomitant therapy with tizanidine rather than in patients with chronic renal failure.

Undesirable Effects - Side Effects

Although the use of CIPROXIN ® is generally safe and free from clinically relevant side effects, the scientific literature and clinical experience show the appearance of:

• Nausea and diarrhea, in the most serious cases sustained by microorganisms such as Clostriudium Difficile, the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis;
• Alterations in renal and hepatic function;
• Headache, irritability, sleep disturbances;
• Alterations of the haematological picture;
• Photosensitivity;
• Disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

Note

CIPROXIN ® is a drug subject to mandatory medical prescription.

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