Excoriations

, in which there is an "export of more or less broad epidermal layers, a consequence of peeling, rubbing or collisions against rough surfaces.

Excoriations: causes

Abrasions are caused by rubbing or scratching against walls or rough objects. The dragging of blunt instruments can also create abrasions. Athletes and children are the categories most at risk of falls, therefore also of bruises.

Excoriations: symptoms

Excoriations can generate pain, the intensity of which depends on the extent of the injury. Other symptoms associated with excoriations include: edema, perception of localized heat and bleeding.

Excoriations: treatment

Mild abrasions do not require special care. The more extensive ones require careful cleaning of the wound: after removing any foreign body that has become entangled in the excoriation, proceed with the disinfection of the area. If necessary, apply painkillers and bandage the excoriation.

, therefore they do not involve particular problems or complications (except for particularly extensive lesions). A lesion that goes beyond the papillary layer of the skin (just of the dermis, underneath the epidermis), cannot be considered properly a "bruise. However, even these minor injuries can cause bleeding, and more extensive bruises can form scar tissue.
Every living being is a possible target of bruises; nevertheless, it is understandable that children and athletes are more exposed to risk.
According to some authors, the terms "excoriation" and "abrasion" are synonymous. Others believe, however, that there is a significant difference between the two injuries: abrasions are considered slightly more serious than bruises.
But how do you get bruises? What are the symptoms? How can they be treated? During the discussion, we will try to shed light on these questions.

of variable extent, such as bruising, purpura or petechiae.

Similar injuries cause pain, the intensity of which depends on the trauma suffered; pain is often associated with edema (swelling) and perception of heat / tension directly on the injured spot.

: therefore there is no hemorrhage, but simply a serum-lymphatic exudate. These slight excoriations are characterized by the formation of a yellowish "eschar (crust), which comes off after a few days from the lesion.

Second degree excoriation: the lesion extends just beyond the epidermis, also involving the dermis. In this case, the excoriation is often bloody and is characterized by the formation of a brown serum-blood eschar, which dries up after 5 -7 days Detaching, the crust leaves a fabric with a slightly different color than that of healthy skin.

Third degree excoriation: the damage is such as to involve the subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis). In this case, it is incorrect to speak of an excoriation proper: the lesion takes on a more important pathological significance, and takes on the connotation of avulsion.

specific, paying particular attention to the removal of any splinters or foreign bodies that have lodged in the wound. It is recommended to use sterile gauze to remove foreign bodies in the wound.

Before touching the excoriation, it is recommended to wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water, to prevent a trivial lesion from acting as a gateway for pathogens.

In case of bleeding excoriation, apply hydrogen peroxide directly to the wound; after removing any foreign bodies, bandage the excoriation with sterile bandages. The bandage should be replaced one or more times during the day, depending on the severity of the injury. If the injury is very mild, bandaging is not necessary: ​​exposure of the lesion in the air promotes healing. For the prevention of infections, it is recommended to apply an antibiotic (eg bacitracin) directly in the excoriation.

Particular attention must be paid to the bruises of patients not subjected to tetanus vaccination. Tetanus is a non-contagious, potentially fatal, infectious disease contracted following the entry of the Clostridium tetaniin the skin.

In case of moderate pain it is recommended to apply topical analgesics (eg lidocaine or benzocaine); to ease intense pain, anti-inflammatory / analgesic medications by mouth are recommended.

The application of hyaluronic acid impregnated ointments, gels, sprays or gauzes can accelerate skin repair and regeneration, accelerating the healing of abrasions.

It is recommended not to expose the abrasion to sunlight, to avoid the formation of permanent hyperpigmentation.