Generalities and Etymology
L"Origan it is a herbaceous plant that can be classified among aromatic herbs; also known as common oregano, it is identified by the binomial nomenclature Origanum vulgare.
The vegetable most closely related to oregano is marjoram or "garden oregano", which belongs to the same genus (Origanum) but to a different Species (Origanum majorana).
Oregano or Marjoram?
The two aromatics have almost overlapping medicinal properties; tant "is that, in France, oregano is also called" marjolaine batarde "or" bastard marjoram ". For the same reason, many kitchen technicians unify them under the same wording, bringing together their gastronomic applications.
Despite the close resemblance, oregano lends itself to the combination with almost all foods, including meat (very famous the typical condiment of southern Italy for grilled meat); on the contrary, marjoram makes up mainly in fish recipes. Therefore, anyone who confuses oregano with marjoram cannot be considered a cooking expert.
The word "oregano" comes from the ancient Greek "origanon", which can be translated into "having fun on the mountain", composed of "oros" or "mountain", and "ganos"; it means: "aspect of who is having fun".
Gastronomic Applications, Herbal and Nutritional Properties
Oregano is typical of Italian and Portuguese cuisine, while marjoram is most commonly used in France.
In the Bel Paese, oregano is widely used in sauces, especially in condiments for first courses (eg tomato sauce), and goes perfectly with many other aromatic herbs (mainly basil and thyme).
Recipes based on Oregano
Nutritional values (per 100 g of edible portion)
Oregano, like marjoram, has moderate antibacterial properties.
Whole leaves of oregano are used but - in case of colds, flu and indigestion - it can be used as an infusion for herbal teas.
In fact, the essential oil of oregano is considered a powerful antiseptic, indicated for any type of infection of the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity. It can also be used as a natural mouthwash to disinfect the mouth and as a teeth whitener.
The essential oil of oregano is also a remedy for spasmodic pain and, according to what they say, is useful against fatigue and stress (questionable).
If considered as a food, oregano is very rich in nutrients (especially vitamins and minerals); however, it should be remembered that it is a product whose use is "quantitatively" marginal, not so much for the frequency of consumption, as for the portion used (equivalent to a few grams). Ultimately, despite its excellent chemical characteristics, oregano cannot have a significant impact on the diet.
Oregano is a food of vegetable origin that falls within the group of aromatic herbs. Fresh has a moderate energy intake, characterized by the prevalence of carbohydrates, followed by lipids and finally proteins. Carbohydrates tend to be simple, polyunsaturated fatty acids and peptides with low biological value. Oregano does not contain cholesterol and provides a very high quantity of fibers.
As for the mineral salts, oregano amazes for its content of iron (probably not very bioavailable), calcium and potassium; observing the vitamin profile, it is possible to appreciate excellent concentrations of niacin (vit PP), retinol equivalents (pro vit A), tocopherols (vit E) and ascorbic acid (vit C).
The average portion of oregano is subjective, but rarely exceeds 5g (3kcal).
Botanical, Cultivation and History Notes
Oregano plants reach a size between 30 and 80cm in height. The stems have a red color, have a square section and are covered with down; the leaves have a rounded shape and green color. The flowers, grouped in small inflorescences, appear pink or purple.
Oregano can be grown by spreading its stolons (axillary branches that develop roots) and seeds. The plants must be spaced 30cm from each other; they need a calcareous, light and draining soil.The location should also be shaded, not too exposed to the wind. We remind you that oregano is a spontaneous and rustic plant, therefore, these precautions mainly affect crops in hostile or non-native environments / climates.
In organic farming, the oregano macerate helps fight the "Hazelnut Balanino" (Curculio nucum) and others Curculionidae.
Originally from Europe, oregano was also exported to the Middle East, where it has been known and recognized since ancient times for its intense taste and medicinal properties. In the past, oregano was known for two characteristics: its therapeutic role and as a love potion.
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