FOOTBALL, TRAINING FOR CHICKS AND BEGINNERS

CHICKS

During this age group, we begin to witness a progressive and balanced physical development of the child.
From a motor point of view, there is greater voluntary control of the body and good coordination.
The group becomes more and more important and the coach assumes a central role in the life of the child.
The development of the ability to associate the cause to the effect and the technical-tactical and critical realism are to be highlighted.
The objectives to be pursued during this age are: socialization, overcoming the fear of contact with the ground and the opponent, stimulating individual initiative, knowing and respecting the rules of the game, organizing an individual project keeping in mind the space and of time, improve basic motor patterns and sense-perceptive abilities, increase the ability to react, differentiate, rhythm, balance and space-time organization; improve joint mobility.
More specific objectives, related to the game, are instead represented by: knowledge of the fundamental rules of the game and of the fundamental principles of attack (scoring a goal, moving forward, trying not to lose the ball) and defense (countering the opponent in possession of the ball, defending one's goal, pushing the team forward), development of the ability to dominate the ball.
At the end of the training cycle the child should be able to evaluate the trajectories from a standstill, master the basic motor patterns in attack and defense, not throw the ball away, meet the ball, lead and control the ball with different parts of the foot , perform the throw-ins with the feet on the ground, hit the ball with the head, face the opponent in possession of the ball, use simple verbal messages in attack, know the 2c1 in defense, correctly occupy the danger zone: only one player on the ball .

BEGINNERS

During this age group, resistance is the basic conditional capacity that is less affected by the pubertal development of the boy. There is a reduction in the ability to balance and difficulty in moving. On the other hand, there is an increase in strength, in particular explosive strength, and an increase in speed.
The socio-affective sphere highlights the increase in self-esteem, the development of self-criticism and the importance of feeling accepted by the group, therefore the sense of belonging.
The child's ability to cooperate increases.
From a socio-affective point of view, the main objectives to be pursued are therefore represented by:

- self-confidence and self-confidence;
- respect and cooperation with peers.

The coordination and conditional skills that we need to develop should be represented by: combination, differentiation, balance, adaptation and transformation, space-time organization, speed, fast strength, joint mobility, sense-perceptual abilities and motor patterns.
At the end of the training cycle the child must be able to know the fundamental rules of the game, to acquire the fundamental principles of attack and defense (attack: possession of the ball, depth and ability to finish; defense: slow down the opponent's action. and staggering), to develop the skills of domination of the ball and increase the general technical background.
In a more specific sense, the student must be able to: evaluate the trajectories, hold the position on the pitch, combine multiple motor patterns with each other, play in multiple positions on the pitch, pass the ball and make himself useful again, kick from the neck foot, hit the counterbalance ball, execute the throw-ins with precision, control the ball from the thigh and chest, execute throws with the strong foot, hit the head while standing and in elevation, combine several technical gestures with each other (e.g. stop + shot), change direction with a feint, shoot at goal with the ball in motion, be more precise in passing, hit the ball on the fly, know how to protect the ball in defense and mark a man.
In collaboration with teammates, the youth should be able to: use verbal communication messages, perform the one-two, support the ball carrier, dictate the pass, privilege deep passes, make overlaps , use numerical superiority (2> 1) and implement the basic principles of collaborative defense (anticipation and coverage).
During this age it is necessary to avoid early specialization, also giving rise to other sports such as rugby (to overcome the fear of contact with the opponent and the ground), volleyball (for the study of trajectories) and basketball (for general coordination).