Strychnos nux vomica L. (Fam. Loganiacee)
Arboreal plant about 12 meters high, native to tropical areas of Asia and also present in northern Australia. The name nux vomica derives from two Latin words, combined to indicate a "nut that causes vomiting".
Nux vomica was introduced in Europe by the Arabs in the sixteenth century and found ready use in the elimination of troublesome animals (cats, dogs, foxes, rodents). The drug is particularly toxic also for man, so much so that it is already fatal in doses. between 30 and 90 mg. However, if used at very low concentrations it transforms from poison to medicine, useful for its eupeptic properties (facilitates digestion) and stimulants (awakens appetite and fights asthenia). For this reason, nux vomica is particularly used in the homeopathic field. However, it is essential to use great caution, since the curative effects occur at doses very close to toxic ones.
Strychnine is a substance with marked excitatory effects on the nervous system, where it acts by promoting a selective block of inhibitory processes. By eliminating these brakes, strychnine and the drugs that contain it (nux vomica and St. Ignatius bean) produce convulsions: the voluntary muscles contract violently and large changes in pressure arise. Death occurs due to respiratory arrest (asphyxiation), due to contraction of the diaphragm and thoracic and abdominal muscles.
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