Cerebellum

Generality

The cerebellum is an "important region of the brain", therefore it is an element of the so-called central nervous system.
Ovoid in shape and weighing about 130-140 grams, the cerebellum resides in the back of the brain, protected by a structure known as the posterior cranial fossa.

Two lateral expansions are recognizable in the cerebellum, with respect to a central median line; the expansions are called cerebellar hemispheres, while the central median line is the so-called vermis.
Like any organ of the central nervous system, the cerebellum has a portion of gray matter (which forms the so-called cerebellar cortex) and a portion of white matter (in which the so-called cerebellar nuclei take place).
The cerebellum plays a key role in learning and motor control, in coordination, in the sense of balance and in some cognitive functions related to language and attention.