Plasma concentration

Plasmatic is an adjective referring to everything related to plasma, that is to say the liquid part of the blood.

The different components of the plasma (proteins, ions, organic molecules, gases, etc.) can be isolated and measured, obtaining the so-called plasma concentrations, i.e. the quantities of these solutes in a known volume of plasma (for example a deciliter or a liter) . During blood tests, the sample taken from the patient is subjected to centrifugation, in order to separate the cellular component (corpuscle) from the liquid component (plasma). In the latter, the plasma concentrations of the various components are then determined. Therefore, although we are talking about blood tests, most of the analyzes are actually carried out on plasma or serum.

The following tables show the average concentrations of the various plasma components; the data can vary in a more or less important way from laboratory to laboratory and according to the bibliographic sources consulted.

Test Lower limit of normal Upper limit of normal Unit of measure Total plasma cholesterol 3.0 - 3.6 5.0 - 6.5 mmol / L 120 - 140 200 - 250 mg / dL HDL plasma cholesterol in women 1.0 - 1.2 - 1.3 2.2 mmol / L 40 - 50 86 mg / dL HDL plasma cholesterol in males 0.9 2.0 mmol / L 35 80 mg / dL LDL plasma cholesterol 2.0 - 2.4 3.0 - 3.4 mmol / L 80 - 94 120 - 130 mg / dL Plasma glucose (blood glucose) 3.8 - 4.0 6.0 - 6.1 mmol / L 65 - 70 - 72 100 - 110 mg / dL Plasma osmolality 275 - 280 - 281 295 - 296 - 297 mOsm / kg Plasma osmolarity Slightly lower than osmolality mOsm / l plasma pH Arterial 7.34 - 7.35 7.44 - 7.45 Venous 7.31 7.41 Plasma urea 1.2 - 3.0 3.0 - 7.0 mmol / L 7 18 - 21 mg / dL Plasma sodium (Na) 135 - 137 145 - 147 mmol / L or mEq / L 31 - 32 33 - 34 mg / dl Plasma potassium (K) 3.5 - 3.6 5.0 - 5.1 mmol / L or mEq / L 14 20 mg / dl Plasma chlorine (Cl) 95 - 98 - 100 105 - 106 - 110 mmol / L or mEq / L 340 370 mg / dl Plasma ionized calcium (Ca) 1.03 - 1.10 1.23 - 1.30 mmol / L 4.1 - 4.4 4.9 - 5.2 mg / dL Plasma ammonia 10 - 20 35 - 65 μmol / L 17 - 34 60 - 110 μg / dL Plasma copper 70 150 µg / dL 11 24 μmol / L Plasma ceruloplasmin 15 60 mg / dL 1 4 μmol / L Total plasma calcium 2.1 - 2.2 2.5 - 2.6 - 2.8 mmol / L 8.4 - 8.5 10.2 - 10.5 mg / dL Plasma phosphate (HPO42−) 0.8 1.5 mmol / L Inorganic phosphorus (serum) 1.0 1.5 mmol / L 3.0 4.5 mg / dL Plasma zinc (Zn) 60 - 72 110 - 130 μg / dL 9.2 - 11 17 - 20 µmol / L Plasma magnesium 1.5 - 1.7 2.0 - 2.3 mEq / L or mg / dL 0.6 - 0.7 0.82 - 0.95 mmol / L Selenium (optimal range) 120 μg / L Plasma fibrinogen 1.7 - 2.0 3.6 - 4.2 g / L Plasma antithrombin 0.80 1.2 kIU / L

Test Sex Age Lower limit Upper limit Unit of measure High Therapeutic target Plasma homocysteine Female 12-19 years 3.3 7.2 μmol / L > 10.4 μmol / L
or
> 140 μg / dl <6.3 μmol / L
or
<85 μg / dL 45 100 μg / dL > 60 years 4.9 11.6 μmol / L 66 160 μg / dL Male 12-19 years 4.3 9.9 μmol / L > 11.4 μmol / L
or
> 150 μg / dL 60 130 μg / dL > 60 years 5.9 15.3 μmol / L 80 210 μg / dL

Test Age Lower limit Upper limit Unit of measure Therapeutic target Plasma triglycerides 10 - 39 years 54 110 mg / dL <100 mg / dL
or 1.1 mmol / L 0.61 1.2 mmol / L 40 - 59 years 70 150 mg / dL 0.77 1.7 mmol / L > 60 years 80 150 mg / dL 0.9 1.7 mmol / L Plasma uric acid 0.18 0.48 mmol / L Female 2.0 7.0 mg / dL Male 2.1 8.5 mg / dL Plasma creatinine Male 60 - 68 90 - 118 μmol / L 0.7 - 0.8 1.0 - 1.3 mg / dL Female 50 - 68 90 - 98 μmol / L 0.6 - 0.8 1.0 - 1.1 mg / dL Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT / ALAT) 5 - 7 - 8 20 - 21 - 56 U / L Female 0.15 0.75 µ / L Male 0.15 1.1 Plasma aspartate transaminase (AST / ASAT) Female 6 34 IU / L 0.25 0.60 µ / L Male 8 40 IU / L 0.25 0.75 µ / L Plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) Female 42 98 U / L Male 53 128 (Enzymatic activity) 0.6 1.8 µ / L Plasma gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) 5 - 8 40 - 78 U / L Female 0.8 µkat / L Male 1.3 Plasma creatine kinase (CK) Male 24 - 38 - 60 174 - 320 U / L
or ng / mL Female 24 - 38 - 96 140 - 200

Test Lower limit of normal Upper limit of normal Unit of measure Total plasma proteins 60 - 63 78 - 82 - 84 g / L Plasma albumin 35 48 - 55 g / L 3.5 4.8 - 5.5 U / L 540 740 μmol / L Plasma globulins 23 35 g / L Total plasma bilirubin 1.7 - 2 - 3.4 - 5 17 - 22 - 25 μmol / L 0.1 - 0.2 - 0.29 1.0 - 1.3 - 1.4 mg / dL

Test Type of patient Lower limit Upper limit Unit TSH or plasma thyrotropic hormone Adults - standard range
0.3 - 0.4 - 0.5 - 0.6 4.0 - 4.5 - 6.0 mIU / L or μIU / mL Adults - optimal range
0.3 - 0.5 2.0 - 3.0 mIU / L or μIU / mL 1.3 19 mIU / L or μIU / mL Free plasma thyroxine Normal adults 0.7 - 0.8 1.4 - 1.5 ng / dL 9 - 10 - 12 18 - 23 pmol / L Infants 0 - 3 days 2.0 5.0 ng / dL 26 65 pmol / L Babies 3 - 30 days 0.9 2.2 ng / dL 12 30 pmol / L Children / adolescents
31 days - 18 years 0.8 2.0 ng / dL 10 26 pmol / L Pregnancy 0.5 1.0 ng / dL 6.5 13 pmol / L Total plasma thyroxine 60 140 - 160 nmol / L 4 - 5.5 11 - 12.3 μg / dL Free plasma triiodiothyronine Normal adults 0.2 0.5 ng / dL 3.1 7.7 pmol / L Children 2 - 16 years 0.1 0.6 ng / dL 1.5 9.2 pmol / L Total plasma triiodiothyronine 0.9 - 1.1 2.5 - 2.7 nmol / L 60 - 75 175 - 181 ng / dL Thyroid Binding Globulin (TBG) 12 30 mg / L Thyroglobulin (Tg) 1.5 30 pmol / L 1 20 μg / L Plasma testosterone Male - overall 8 - 10 27 - 35 nmol / L 230 - 300 780 - 1000 ng / dL Male <50 years 10 45 nmol / L 290 1300 ng / dL Male> 50 years old 6.2 26 nmol / L 180 740 ng / dL Female 0.7 2.8 - 3.0 nmol / L 20 80 - 85 ng / dL 17 - Plasma hydroxyprogesterone Male 0.06 3.0 mg / L Female (Follicular phase) 0.2 1.0 mg / L Plasma FSH Prepubertal <1 3 IU / L Adult male 1 8 Adult female (luteal and follicular phase) 1 11 Adult Female (Ovulation) 6
95% (standard) 26
95% PI) 5
90% (used in diagram) 15
(90% PI) Female - postmenopausal 30 118 Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) Female - peak 20
90% (used in diagram) 75
(90% PI) IU / L Female - postmenopausal 15 60 Plasma estradiol Adult male 50 200 pmol / L 1.4 5.5 ng / dL Adult female (day 5) 70
95% (standard) 500
95% PI pmol / L 110
90% (used in diagram) 220
90% PI 1.9 (95% PI) 14 (95% PI) ng / dL 3.0 (90% PI) 6.0 (90% PI) Adult female (preovulatory peak) 400 1500 pmol / L 11 41 ng / dL Adult female (luteal phase) 70 600 pmol / L 1.9 16 ng / dL Adult female - free estradiol 0.05 0.9 ng / dL 1.7 33 pmol / L Female - postmenopausal N / A < 130 pmol / L N / A < 3.5 ng / dL Plasma progesterone Female (ovulation) 2.2 (90% ) 9 (90% ) nmol / L 70 (90% PI) 280 (90% PI) ng / dL Plasma Androstenedione Adult male and female 60 270 ng / dL Female - postmenopausal < 180 Prepubertal < 60 Plasma ACTH 4.4 18 - 22 pmol / L 20 80 - 100 pg / mL Plasma cortisol Nine o'clock 140 700 nmol / L 5 25 μg / dL Midnight 80 350 nmol / L 2.9 13 μg / dL Plasma growth hormone (fasting) 0 5 ng / mL Growth hormone (after arginine stimulation) 7 n / a ng / mL Plasma priolactin Female n / a 20 ng / mL or µg / L Male 15 Plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) 10 - 17 65 - 70 pg / mL 1.1 - 1.8 6.9 - 7.5 pmol / L 25 - plasma isroxicalciferol (vitamin D) Standard reference values 8 - 9 40 - 80 ng / mL 20 - 23 95 - 150 nmol / L 25 - plasma isroxicalciferol (vitamin D) Therapeutic Targets 30 - 40 65 - 100 ng / mL 85 - 100 120 - 160 nmol / L

Test Lower limit of normal Upper limit of normal Unit of measure Comments Plasma afafetoprotein (AFP) 0 44 ng / mL Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Beta (bHCG) n / a 5 IU / l or mU / ml in Male and non-pregnant female Prostate specific plasma antigen (PSA) n / a 2.5 - 4 μg / L or ng / mL Under 45 years of age - it must be less than 2 - 5 μg / L Plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 50 150 U / L 0.4 1.7 μmol / L Plasma LDH (enzymatic activity) 1.8 3.4 µkat / L <70 years of age Plasma amylase 25 - 30 - 53 110 - 120 - 123 - 125 - 190 U / L 0.15 1.1 µ / L Plasma C reactive protein (CRP) n / a 5 - 6 mg / L 200 - 240 nmol / L D - plasma dimer n / a 500 ng / mL High in pregnant women 0.5 mg / L Plasma lipase 7 - 10 - 23 60 - 150 - 208 U / L Plasma ACE 23 57 U / L Plasma acid phosphatase 3.0 ng / mL

Test Type of patient Default values Unit of measure Optimal values Lower limit Upper limit Lower limit Upper limit Plasma Vitamin A 30 65 µg / dL Vitamin B9 in plasma
(Folic Acid / Folate) - Serum Age> 1 year 3.0 16 ng / mL or μg / L 5 6.8 36 nmol / l 11 Plasma Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid / Folate) 200 600 ng / mL or μg / L 450 1400 nmol / L Pregnancy ng / mL or μg / L 400 nmol / L 900 Plasma Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 130 - 160 700 - 950 ng / L 100 - 120 520 - 700 pmol / L Plasma Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 0.4 1.5 mg / dL 0.9 23 85 μmol / L 50 25 - hydroxycholecalciferol (plasma vitamin D) 8 - 9 40 - 80 ng / mL 30 - 40 65 - 100 20 - 23 95 - 150 nmol / L 85 - 100 120 - 160 Vitamin E μmol / L 28 mg / dL 1.2

NOTE: the reference plasma concentrations may vary to a greater or lesser extent from laboratory to laboratory and based on the bibliographic data consulted.

Bibliography: reference range for blood test (wikipedia)