From the botanical point of view, the other berries, achenes and seeds would also be fruit but, by virtue of the remarkable organoleptic and chemical-compositional differences, these are classified in other food groups. Below we will focus in particular on the differences between the consumption of fresh fruit with and without peel, excluding the peel of candied citrus fruits and leaving out other nutritional aspects (for example the differences between fresh fruit and preserved fruit), which have already been extensively described in the "inside of other articles available in the archive of the site: Frutta.
nebbiolo, typical of the wetter regions of Northern Italy where certain molds are particularly aggressive).
The fibers, on the other hand, in addition to a shielding role, also have a structural function useful for the preservation of hydration and maturation of the endocarp (the first nutritional substrate of the seed).
At this point, many readers will wonder:
"Is fruit peel an edible food component and / or useful for" man? "
To answer fully, it is necessary to take a small step back and understand, from a chemical point of view, what fibers and bloom are made of.
. Some inedible peels are that of medlar, banana (large), coconut, pineapple, prickly pear, kiwi, watermelon, melon, etc. The peel of citrus fruits (those not treated with waxes) is edible but, if not deprived of the mesocarp, it has such a bitter taste as to prevent its intake.In percentage terms, the skin of the fruit is mainly composed of fibers and much less of bloom.
The fibers contained in the peel of fruit, which we call "dietary fiber" (since they represent a very important nutritional element, even if they are not real nutrients - a subtle but substantial difference), are typically NOT soluble. While some animals and microorganisms are able to digest them and obtain energy from them, the human being does not have the salivary, pancreatic and intestinal enzymes required for this purpose. Some of them (such as cellulose), applying a "chemical hydrolysis, are composed of simple carbohydrates which, at that point, could be absorbed and oxidized; others (such as lignin, formed by phenolic compounds), are polymers of monomers completely unrelated to the energetic physiology of the human organism. On the other hand, we do not care about digesting the dietary fibers contained in fruit peel, since their nutritional function is anything but energetic.
Insoluble fibers (but also SOLUBLE ones), as they pass through the lower digestive tract, represent the equivalent of a "scavenger". Fermenting by the physiological bacteria of the colon, they promote peristaltic contractions of the intestine, facilitating evacuation and preventing both constipation and the stagnation of toxic molecules responsible for the increased risk of tumors of the large intestine (and not only). During this process during fermentation, our PRObiotic microorganisms release various useful molecules, a characteristic that makes the peel an excellent PREbiotic food.
The bloom, while representing an element of wine distinction and an immune defense of the plant that is irreplaceable to say the least, does not possess any relevant nutritional function for man.
. At the same time, more for economic interest than for consumer protection, a new disciplinary has arisen which almost completely leaves out the use of these synthetic pesticides: organic farming. By definition, this system significantly restricts the use of the treatments in question which, logically, should be totally absent in the final product.Above all we specify that, in Italy, the use of pesticides is strictly regulated. Even in traditional agricultural products, the possible presence of treatments is (or at least should be) always within the safety limits imposed by law, indicating compliance with the correct choice, quantities and times At the same time (as many have already been able to verify) if it is true that organic farming denies the use of treatments, it does not guarantee that there are no traces of them on the food. The reasons for which similar contaminations should occur are many and often inevitable; on the other hand, what matters is that these traces do not pose a threat to health.
Certainly there will be less honest farmers, or just more desperate, who will not risk the entire production and will use the pesticides less correctly; however, the checks carried out on the stored goods are always very pressing and represent an incontrovertible protection for buyers in the There are also some small exceptions. Certain types of fruit, such as citrus fruits, may undergo some surface treatments to increase their brightness and shelf life (eg treatment with the fungicide imazalil). Fortunately, in our country, this eventuality is strictly bound to the "obligation of a wording on the label:"inedible peel" or "inedible peelAttention, therefore, if you want to use the orange or lemon peel for some recipes, it is good to always read the label to make sure you are using an untreated citrus fruit.
For further information: Lemon Syrup - How to make it at home
Unfortunately, currently (November 2013), European legislation (or worse that of other non-European countries) does not require you to specify anything and even allows the use of certain pesticides that have been banned in Italy for many years. It follows that packers other countries can use fungicide products not authorized in Italy, and export the fruits packaged and treated with such products to us. Obviously, the control of imported goods is one of the most effective security measures that can be had and, fortunately, the " Italy does not disappoint. However, with regard to exotic fruit, certainly for foreign consumption (but, you never know, also for national consumption), it is certainly advisable to reduce its frequency to sporadic and certainly not frequent levels; ultimately, yellow card to: pineapple, avocado, bananas, papaya, mango etc.
In conclusion, eating fruit with the peel represents an "excellent dietary habit with regard to the presence of dietary fiber (and not only), as long as certain small precautions are respected, such as:
- Consult the labels and prefer foods of national origin
- Always wash fruit carefully, preferably with the supplementary use of amuchina or sodium bicarbonate.
PLEASE NOTE: some conditions may impose the consumption of strictly peeled fruit; this is the case of low-residue diets, prescribed for example in the days preceding endoscopic diagnostic investigations of the intestinal tract (e.g. colonoscopy), in the presence of intolerance to dietary fiber (irritable bowel syndrome) or inflammatory diseases of the colon (diverticulitis, colitis , Crohn's disease...).
Fruit should preferably be eaten without peel even when you are unsure of the microbiological safety of the food or water used to wash it (eg travel to developing countries
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