These lesions are benign in nature and do not correlate with a high risk of evolution in a malignant sense, therefore they are considered essentially harmless.
The pathogenesis of intestinal hyperplastic polyps is not entirely clear, but it seems that these are due to an "abnormal proliferation of intestinal mucosal cells, which accumulate on the surface.
Intestinal hyperplastic polyps do not cause particular disorders and only rarely can they cause symptoms, such as bleeding (rectorrhages) or alterations of the alvus. Therefore, these polypoid lesions are often detected accidentally during a colonoscopy or radiological examination of the intestine. Typically, hyperplastic polyps are diagnosed during the sixth or seventh decade of life.
Management involves surgical treatment and / or endoscopic surveillance.
sigmoid and rectum. These protrusions are soft and have a smooth and uniform surface with a pale color.
Intestinal hyperplastic polyps are typically sessile (ie they have a large implant base and are not pedunculated). Having no "stem", these lesions are flat or resemble a lump on the bowel wall and protrude only slightly towards the lumen. internal organ (intestinal canal).
Intestinal hyperplastic polyps can be single or multiple. Their dimensions vary, but generally they are less than 5 millimeters (mm) in diameter.
).At the base of the hyperplastic polyps, there is an excessive cell growth (hyperplasia): the slowed turnover of the epithelial cells and the delayed exfoliation of the same mature components lead to a superficial "accumulation" of goblet and absorbent cells. The causes of this phenomenon are not yet completely clear, however it is known that some factors can favor its appearance.
Hyperplastic polyps can present different characteristics (eg microvesicular, with a prevalence of goblet cells, with low mucus production, mixed, etc.), without these modifying their clinical behavior.
