o in the patient's urine - the immunoglobulin classes (IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE or IgD) and the type of kappa or lambda light chain, depending on their specific electrophoretic mobility. Subsequently, for the identification of which gamma globulin is called into question, immunofixation involves the inoculation of specific antigens for the corresponding fragment or antibody (anti-immunoglobulin antisera): the presence of the suspected alteration is confirmed by the formation of a precipitate, visible to the naked eye or under a microscope.
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This information is of great importance for establishing, in particular, the diagnosis of plasma cell pathologies (gammopathies or plasma cell dyscrasias). Immunofixation is very useful for the evaluation and monitoring of multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and primary amyloidosis (also called light chain amyloidosis).
blood and urine of the patient.
The kappa and lambda light chains characterize the monoclonal component, ie antibodies with the exact same chemical structure.
