In 1965 Lilly and Stillwell first used the term probiotics to describe "substances secreted by one organism, capable of stimulating the growth of another".
As science discovered the physiological and therapeutic role of probiotics, the definitions became more and more elaborate and comprehensive.
of gastric juice, intestinal enzymes and bile salts;Since they are largely inactivated by digestive processes, the lactic ferments contained in commercial yogurts, unless otherwise specified, cannot be considered to all intents and purposes as probiotics.
What are the bacteria normally present in the human intestine?
Proteus
Proteus
Staphylococci
Clostridia
Veillonelle
E. Coli
Streptococci
Lactobacilli
Eubacteria
and symbiotics.
ATTENTION! Do not confuse the term "prebiotic" with "probiotic". They have totally different meanings.
Prebiotics
They are non-digestible oligosaccharides which, present in food or sold in the form of supplements, positively influence the growth and activity of one or a limited number of beneficial bacteria present in the colon.
Symbiotics
"Symbiotic" is the name of the association between probiotic and prebiotic agents within the same food or supplement; the symbiotic is a method of taking probiotics that guarantees their survival, while providing a specific energy substrate to the already existing bacterial flora. present in the colon.
L. casei
L. johnsonii
L. reuteri
L. rhamnosus
L. salivarius
L. plantarum
L. crispatus
B. short
B. infantis
B. longum
B. adolescentis
B. lactis
B. bifidum
B. subtilis
E. coli
S. boulardii
Cl. butyricum
Microorganisms used in the production of probiotic products (Bottazzi, V. Milk-fermented functional probiotics. Scientific editions, 2004 - page 53).
Some of which have become registered trademarks:
- L. casei (Fyos, Nutricia)
- L. acidophilus1 (LC1, Nestlè)
- L. casei (BIO, Danone)
- L. casei Immunitas (Actimel, Danone)
- L. casei Shirota (Yakult)
Let's see them in more detail.
