Definition
Renal colic is an acute and violent pain of the ureter, characterized by very strong contractions of the kidneys. In addition to renal colic, intestinal, hepato-biliary, pancreatic and gastric colic are remembered.
Causes
The very severe pain associated with renal colic depends on the passage of stones in the ureter, responsible for the muscle spasm; however, colic can occur even in the absence of an obstruction of the urinary flow. The synthesis of prostaglandins, responsible for pain, is favored by pressure violence, induced in turn by the obstruction of the urinary tract.
Symptoms
Renal colic can cause variable symptoms: abdominal and lumbar pain - often spread to the groin and genitals - hematuria (blood in the urine), fever, hypotension, intense sweating, nausea and vomiting.
The information on Renal Colic - Renal Colic Medicines is not intended to replace the direct relationship between health professional and patient. Always consult your doctor and / or specialist before taking Renal Colic - Renal Colic Medicines.
Medicines
It is necessary to emphasize that an isolated episode of renal colic should not alarm excessively: in any case, it is good to contact the general practitioner, who will prescribe the tests useful to ascertain the nature of the colic. Relapsing renal colic, on the other hand, requires a specialist visit (urologist and nephrologist) and an appropriate pharmacological procedure.
The drugs are aimed at reducing painful symptoms and eliminating the causes that generated renal colic:
NSAID painkiller therapy: it is advisable not to delay and to take the anti-inflammatory drug starting from the onset of symptoms, after consulting a doctor.
- Ketorolac trometamine (eg Toradol): used to relieve fever and pain associated with renal colic. The drug is in the form of tablets or ampoules: administer 10 mg of active ingredient orally or intravenously / intramuscularly, 3-4 times a day for a period of less than or equal to 5 days. In case of severe pain, replace the drug with opioids.
- Paracetamol or acetaminophen (eg Tachipirina, Buscopan compositum): in case of fever associated with renal colic, take the drug orally in the form of tablets, syrup, effervescent sachets or suppositories; it is recommended to take paracetamol at a dosage of 325-650 mg every 4-6 hours for 6-8 consecutive days, to lower the fever.
- Pethidine (eg Petid C): for acute pain, take orally a dose equivalent to 50-150 mg every 4 hours, depending on the severity of the colic. By subcutaneous injection, administer 25-100 mg and repeat the application after 4 hours. For intramuscular injection, administer 0.5-2 mg of active ingredient per kilo of body weight. Alternatively, by slow intravenous infusion, it is recommended to administer the drug at a dosage of 25-50 mg (repeat after 4 hours).
- Diclofenac (eg Fastum Painkiller, Dicloreum): preferable to pethidine. Take 50 mg of the drug orally 3 times a day (tablets); in some patients, a starting dose of 100 mg is required and then increased to 50 mg. After the first day, the total daily dose should not exceed 150 mg.
Antispasmodic drugs (to be combined with NSAIDs): they are useful for relaxing the muscles of the genitourinary tract affected by colic. The administration of these drugs is useful for extracting the stone responsible for renal colic.
- The pharmaceutical specialty colic antispasmin consists of belladonna and papaverine hydrochloride: these two active ingredients are indicated to reduce the painful spastic symptoms associated with renal colic (spasms caused by contractions of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract). Belladonna (anticholinergic therapeutic action) reduces the contraction of smooth muscles, ensuring a significant reduction in spastic pain. Take 2-6 sugared almonds - consisting of 10 mg of papaverine and 10 mg of belladonna - daily for the average pain caused by renal colic. In case of severity, take 1-3 tablets of 50 mg of papaverine and 10 mg of belladonna per day.
Antiemetics: in case of renal colic associated with nausea / vomiting, the administration of anti-nausea / antiemetic drugs is recommended. For example, the administration of Scopolamine butyl bromide (eg Addofix) is recommended, particularly useful for relieving spastic pain of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract.
Antibiotics: When colic is caused by bacterial infections, the doctor prescribes antibiotics to the patient in order to remove the pathogens responsible for the infection.
Rest and improvement of the patient's diet and lifestyle are useful for completing therapeutic measures in the presence of renal colic.
