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Those of oats, like the other seeds of the same category, have a hard outer shell, not digestible for humans, said bracts or husk or chaff; this wrapping must necessarily be removed to make them edible to humans. Moreover, the grains are almost always separated from the beans. bran (last fibrous coating) and what remains are the purified white seeds. The latter, once crushed, steamed, rolled into flakes under special rollers, stabilized and lightly toasted, become the famous oat flakes.
ATTENTION! While in Italy oats are considered a marginal product, secondary to wheat and corn, in Anglo-Saxon countries it represents one of the bases of collective nutrition. For this reason, oats are available in many commercial forms, more or less processed, whole or refined, chopped or pulverized, steamed or baked, etc. The British group all these products under the heading oatmeal (literally "oat food").
, as they do not soften enough. If oatmeal is made from oat flakes, it is used to be eaten alone and not to make baked goods, which would fail.Furthermore, even that from raw seeds, for bread making must necessarily be mixed with other flours.
Oat cut-oats is a grain obtained by reducing the seeds into smaller pieces before steaming which retains a small part of the bran. Since this makes the grains more difficult to chew and contains an enzyme that tends to make food go rancid faster, cut-oats are almost always steamed (quick oats - fast cooking) to be softened and deprived of these enzymes.
, which represent most of the energy; the remaining calories come from proteins of medium biological value and from lipids. Cholesterol is absent and fibers are abundant.Regarding vitamins and mineral salts, vitamin B1 abound (thiamine), iron and phosphorus.
Oats are also known for their richness in antioxidant compounds known as avenantramidi; it is believed that these, exclusive to the cereal in question, have certain properties that help protect the circulatory system from arteriosclerosis.
The oat also contains beta-glucan, which can help people with type 2 diabetes mellitus control their blood glucose (blood sugar) level; in addition, it is supposed to help stimulate the immune system in fighting bacterial infections.
Nutritional values (per 100 g of edible portion)
Oat Porridge with Fruit
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The oat flakes can be further pulverized and transformed into a coarse flour which, cooked in water, becomes a sort of spoon cream; the finer one is widely used as a baby food. This kind of flour can be produced at home using a food processor.
Oat flakes are often the main ingredient of granola And muesli.
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