The endocrinologist, therefore, is the doctor who deals with the diagnosis and treatment of hormonal imbalances and diseases.
WHO NEEDS AN ENDOCRINOLOGIST?
Hormones are very important chemical messengers, as they regulate metabolism, growth, reproduction and sexual development.
The endocrine glands that secrete hormones are the thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries (in women) and testes (in men). Therefore, an endocrinologist is consulted in case of disturbances or disorders of one of these glands just mentioned.
For example, endocrinologist patients are those who suffer from:
- Diabetes
- Thyroid problems (thyroiditis, goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism etc)
- Malignant or benign neoplasms affecting one of the endocrine glands and related disorders (e.g. pheochromocytoma and hypertension)
- Infertility (due for example to hypogonadism)
- Growth defects (dwarfism or gigantism)
- Problems related to menopause
- Osteoporosis
- Dyslipidemias of various types (hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, etc.)
- Precocious puberty
- Hirsutism
- Other metabolic diseases
The pediatrician, therefore, is a doctor specialized in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of all problems and diseases that can arise during the years of development.
ORIGIN OF THE TERM
The names pediatrician and pediatrics derive from the Greek terms "pais", which means" child "or" boy ", and"iatros", which means" doctor ".
THE OBJECTIVES OF PEDIATRICS: SOME MORE DETAILS
The main specialist objectives of the pediatrician can be summarized in the following points:
- Reduce neonatal and infant mortality
- Control the spread of infectious diseases, typical of the young age
- Promote a healthy lifestyle from their developmental years, teaching young patients what is good for and what is bad for their health
- Plan a correct care for young patients suffering from morbid conditions of a chronic nature
WHEN TO CONTACT THE PEDIATRICIAN?
It is a good idea for a parent to request a pediatric consultation for their child, if the latter is the victim of a particularly serious trauma, exhibits the symptoms of an infectious disease (measles, rubella, chicken pox, mumps, etc.), demonstrates strange behaviors or difficulty in performing particular movements, seems to be suffering from mental or emotional disorders, has unusual behaviors for his age, etc.
.The gastroenterologist, therefore, is an internal doctor specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases that can affect the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and hepato-biliary system (liver, pancreas, gall bladder and ducts biliary) of the human being.
SKILLS OF THE GASTROENTEROLOGIST
The gastroenterologist is an expert in digestive motility, that is the movements of food from when it is ingested to when it reaches the last tract of the intestine.
Furthermore, he is extremely prepared for everything that happens during the digestive process, from the absorption of nutrients (where are the sugars absorbed? Where instead the fats? Etc.) to the elimination of waste products (faeces).
Finally, he knows the digestive functions of the liver very well.
WHAT DISORDERS DOES THE GASTROENTEROLOGIST TREAT?
It is good to consult a gastroenterologist if you suffer from:
- Severe and persistent abdominal pain
- Blood loss within the digestive system
- A cancer of the stomach, intestines, pancreas or liver
- Constipation or diarrhea
- Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- Colon disorders (intestinal polyps, irritable bowel syndrome, colitis, Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, etc.)
- Gallbladder problems
- Gastroesophageal reflux
- Chronic heartburn
- Hemorrhoids
- Hiatal hernia
- Gastritis
- Ulcers
- Celiac disease
- Recurrent nausea and vomiting
- Other
Importantly, orthopedic treatment is both conservative and surgical.
ORIGIN OF THE NAME
In ancient times the "orthopedist was the doctor who treated deformities of the limbs and spinal column in children. It is no coincidence that the terms orthopedic and orthopedics derive from the" union of the Greek words "orthos", which means" right ", and"pais", which means" child ".
Today, the orthopedist has patients of all ages, but, despite this, he has kept his old name.
SUBSPECIALIZATIONS OF THE ORTHOPEDIC
Very often, during their professional training, orthopedists further specialize in a field of their discipline, becoming experts in a certain anatomical part of the body - for example the knee or hand - or in a certain type of pathology - for for example arthritis or tumors of the musculoskeletal system.
Briefly, the most important subspecialties of orthopedics concern:
- The forms of arthritis and osteoarthritis
- Bone fractures
- Replacement of damaged joints with prostheses
- Rheumatology
- Injuries during sports activities (sports medicine)
- The problems of the hand
- Shoulder problems
- Knee problems
- Problems with the spine
- The musculoskeletal diseases of childhood
- Musculoskeletal Oncology
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