Periosteum
The periosteum is a connective tissue membrane, whitish in color and variable thickness,
The periosteum allows the bones to grow in width, protects them from traumatic insults and sends numerous, small, vessels to the underlying bone.
Near the joints, the periosteum continues with the connective tissue that surrounds and stabilizes the joint.
It can be divided into two layers: one internal, osteogenic, and one external, fibrous.
The innermost layer of the periosteum, richly vascularized, is populated by numerous osteoblastic and osteoprogenitor cells, responsible for the production of bone tissue. These cells, working at more or less intense rhythms in the various stages of life, participate in:
to growth
to remodeling
and repair of bone fractures.
For this, the innermost layer of the periosteum is known as Ollier's osteogenic layer.
The outermost layer is also characterized by numerous vessels, some of which cross it deep layer, penetrating the channels of Volkmann, from which they can reach the channels of Havers.
With its outermost layer, the periosteum anchors itself to the underlying bone tissue by means of thick fibrous bundles of collagen, called Sharpey's perforating fibers, and by means of blood vessels that are transmitted to the underlying bone.
Endosteum
The endosteum is a delicate layer of connective tissue that covers, in the long bones, the medullary cavity of the diaphysis (which contains the bone marrow, which produces the corpuscular elements of the blood); it is composed of a single layer of osteoprogenitor cells and it has the same characteristics as the periosteum, with respect to which it is however thinner.
The endosteum is therefore responsible for nourishing and supplying new bone cells.
Other articles on "Periosteum and Endosteum"
- spongy bone compact bone
- bone
- bones of the human body
- bone tissue
- osteoblasts osteoclasts
- bone marrow
- bone remodeling
- bone mass
- height growth
- joints
- Joints: anatomy structure
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