Definition
Nephritis is an "inflammation of the kidney: when inflammation involves the renal glomerulus, we speak more precisely of glomerulo-nephritis, which occurs in an acute or chronic way.Pyelonephritis, on the other hand, is an "inflammation that affects the pelvis and renal parenchyma.
Causes
According to the triggering cause, various forms of nephritis are distinguished. Inflammatory disease can be caused by: autoimmune processes (lupus, IgA nephropathy), drug intake (particularly NSAIDs), kidney / systemic diseases (e.g. diabetes, hypertension), HIV / AIDS infections, staphylococci or streptococci.
Symptoms
Although there are many forms of nephritis, the most recurrent clinical symptoms are almost the same: edema, hematuria, renal failure, oliguria, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, dark / cloudy urine.
The information on Nephritis - Nephritis Cure Drugs is not intended to replace the direct relationship between healthcare professional and patient. Always consult your doctor and / or specialist before taking Nephritis - Nephritis Treatment Medications.
Medicines
The therapy of nephritis must be established on the basis of the triggering cause; the following are the classes of drugs most used to treat inflammatory renal disease:
Corticosteroids: in case of IgA nephropathy, useful for blocking inflammation:
- Prednisone (eg. ex. Deltacortene, Lodotra) orally, initially take 2 mg / kg / day, in divided doses, 3-4 times a day for a maximum of 28 days. Thereafter, administer 1-1.5 mg / kg per day, every other day for 4 weeks. Maintenance dosage for the prevention of relapses: 0.5-1 mg / kg per day (administration of the drug every other day, for 3-6 months).
- Prednisolone (eg Solprene, Deltamhydrin). Start therapy with a dose of 2mg / kg per day for three consecutive days (max. 28 days); continue the treatment with 1.5 mg / kg per day for one month. Maintenance dosage: take 0.5-1 mg / kg per day every other day for 3-6 months, as directed by the doctor.
- Methylprednisolone (eg Solu-medrol, Advantan, Depo-Medrol, Medrol, Urbason) recommended in case of lupus erythematosus nephritis. Administer up to 1 gram of active ingredient per day intravenously for 3 consecutive days, in order to relieve renal inflammatory symptoms. Generally, after this short period, a drug is prescribed that can modify the course of the disease in the long term; for example cyclophosphamide (immunosuppressant) in doses of 0.5-1 g / m2 every 3-4 weeks for 6 months (indicated for lupus nephritis).
ACE inhibitors: useful for controlling proteinuria and preventing the most fearful complication, chronic renal failure. In the course of active glomerulonephritis, the administration of ACE inhibitors is recommended in order to decrease the pressure pressure on the glomeruli damaged by the disease Particularly suitable for treating lupus nephritis:
- Benazepril (eg Benazepril + HCT, Zinadiur, Cibacen) is recommended to start therapy by administering 10 mg per day orally, in a single intake. Reduce the dosage to 5 mg / day in case of diabetes. In maintenance therapy, a dose of 20-40 mg per day, divided into 2 doses, is recommended. The dosage can be increased every 3 days, as indicated by the attending physician.
- Captopril (eg. Aceplus, Capoten, Captoril, Lopirin): it is recommended to take 25 mg orally of the drug three times a day. Therapy should be continued for long periods, as indicated by the doctor. The drug is generally used in cases of diabetic nephritis.
- Lisinopril (eg Zestril, Ensor, Lisinopril) indicated in the treatment of some diabetic complications, such as diabetic nephropathy. Generally, the drug must be taken orally at a dosage of 20mg per day. The duration of treatment must be established by the doctor.
Immunosuppressants
- Cyclophosphamide (eg Endoxan baxter, bottle or tablets): oral administration of this alkylating agent is recommended at a dosage of 2.5-3 mg / kg per day, for a period ranging from 60 to 90 days.
- Tacrolimus (eg. Tacrolimus ACC, Advagraf, Modigraf). For the treatment of glomerulopathy with minimal lesions (typical of children aged 2 to 6 years). The dosage and duration of treatment must be determined by the doctor.
- Ciclosporin A (eg Sandimmun Neoral), immunosuppressive drug and antibiotic: it is generally recommended to administer the drug at a dosage of 4-6 mg / kg per day for 4 months, unless otherwise instructed by the doctor. Particularly indicated in case of membranous glomerulo-nephritis.
- Azathioprine (eg. Azathioprine, Immunoprin, Azafor): indicated in case of lupus erythematosus nephritis. Take the drug at a dosage of 1-3 mg / kg per day orally or intravenously, as directed by your doctor.
Antibiotics: these drugs are indicated in case of infectious nephropathy and must be prescribed by the doctor according to the bacteria responsible for the nephritic inflammation.
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