Gastritis

Acute gastritis is generally due to "indigestion or" incorrect nutrition, characterized by excesses, spicy foods and hyperlipidic and irritating foods for the gastric mucosa. Alcohol, smoking, and NSAID abuse can also induce acute gastritis.
Chronic gastritis is often attributable to infections caused by Helicobacter pylori. However, it seems that other factors may also favor the chronic variant of gastritis: AIDS, psychosomatic disorders, renal and hepatic insufficiency, Crohn's disease and autoimmune diseases.

Symptoms
All the variants of gastritis are united by heartburn (heartburn). In addition to this symptom, gastritis manifests itself with dyspepsia, loss of appetite, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, flatulence, bloating, halitosis and vomiting.

Diagnosis
A suspicion of gastritis can be confirmed with the following diagnostic tests: anamnesis, tests for Helicobacter pylori (blood test, stool test, breath test), gastric endoscopy, gastric biopsy, upper digestive system X-ray.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. For the treatment of acute gastritis it is generally sufficient to correct incorrect eating habits, possibly also modifying some behavioral attitudes (alcohol abuse, smoking and excessive intake of NSAIDs) that could accentuate the symptoms. The chronic form (often caused by H. pylori) requires antibiotic treatment associated with gastroprotective drugs and / or proton pump inhibitors

it is an "acute or chronic inflammation involving the stomach wall. More than a disease in its own right, gastritis is considered a heterogeneous and multiform set of disorders, all united by a recurring element: inflammation of the gastric wall. Today, in fact, in addition to being a discomfort that affects men and women of all ages and social rank, gastritis manifests itself in different guises: some patients with gastritis complain of a simple and temporary heartburn (or heartburn if you prefer); in others , on the other hand, the disorder causes aerophagia, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, to the point of degenerating into heavy and disabling symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, meteorism, halitosis and vomiting.
The type of symptoms, as well as the intensity with which they occur, is heavily conditioned by the triggering cause. Fortunately, in most cases, mild gastritis is quickly resolved by correcting some incorrect eating habits. Other times, on the other hand, where the disease takes on a chronic or particularly aggressive connotation, the therapy must be more drastic.

which tends to resolve in a relatively short period of time

Chronic gastritis: gastric symptoms come on gradually but last for long periods

Both the acute form and the chronic variant can in turn be differentiated into other sub-categories, each of which is an expression of different etiopathological (ie causal) factors.

Please Note
Let us briefly recall that mild forms of gastritis can be caused by "indigestion or an unbalanced diet, rich in spicy, spicy, hyperlipidic and irritating foods for the gastric mucosa. In such situations, the correction of eating habits is generally sufficient. to reverse the pathology.

To get an "immediate idea on the different causes of gastritis, we report a simplified table.

ACUTE GASTRITIS Variants Causes Common gastritis

Alcoholism and smoking attitude
Unbalanced diet, rich in excesses and irritating foods for the gastric mucosa
Excessive intake of NSAIDs
Indigestion
Stress and anxieties (foment the symptoms of gastritis)

Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis

Alcoholism
Long-term therapy with corticosteroid drugs

Corrosive gastritis

Alcoholism
Accidental or voluntary intake of irritating chemicals (very acidic or very alkaline)

Acute ischemic gastritis

Hypovolemia
Shock
Trauma and burns in the stomach → mucosal inflammation of the stomach

Acute radiation gastritis

Radiotherapies for the treatment of gastric tumors

Acute infectious gastritis

Bacterial infections caused by staphylococci, shigella, salmonella

CHRONIC GASTRITIS Variants Causes Chronic atrophic gastritis

Autoimmune Disorders
Chronic gastric inflammation dependent on Helicobacter pylori

Chronic NSAID gastritis

Long-term therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Chronic infectious gastritis

Relapsing bacterial infections

Psychosomatic gastritis

Stress
Severe psychosomatic disorders → bile reflux → gastric irritation

Other causes of chronic gastritis

AIDS
Crohn's disease
Alterations of the connective tissue
Kidney failure
Hepatic insufficiency

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by exerting a corrosive action on the stomach, they progressively irritate and corrode the gastric wall, making it more susceptible to the action of acidic gastric juices. Alcoholism is one of the causes most involved in acute and chronic gastritis. For further information: read the article alcohol and gastritis

Abuse of coffee. To learn more, read the article on coffee and gastritis

Regular intake of analgesics. The main defendants are: acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen and naproxen, possible risk factors for both chronic gastritis and the acute form

Reflux diseases, risk factors for gastritis and gastric ulcer (two often linked pathological disorders).

Advanced age: the elderly are the category most at risk of gastritis. In fact, the gastric wall tends to weaken as we age

Recurrent infections from Helicobacter pylori. However, it should be remembered that an "infection sustained by this pathogen does not necessarily trigger the symptoms of gastritis.