Routes of drug administration

Routes of Administration

• ENTERAL
  • Oral
  • Sublingual
  • Rectal
• PARENTERALS
  • Intravenous
  • Intramuscular
  • Subcutaneous
• INHALATION
• TRANSCUTANEOUS

Enteral routes of administration: involve the absorption of the drug through the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract:

• oral,
• sublingual,
• rectal.

In the adult the absorbent surface of the oral cavity is about 0.02 m2, that of the stomach about 0.05 m2 and that of the intestinal mucosa about 100 m2.

 

ADMINISTRATION FOR OS

variable absorption, which depends on many factors
the effects appear after at least 45-60 minutes it is the cheapest way

and safer

possibility of using

RETARD PREPARATIONS

the patient must be awake and cooperative
incomplete absorption may not allow reaching the minimum effective concentration
first pass effect

RECTAL ADMINISTRATION

variable and incomplete absorption it has a lower latency of action than the oral route partial first pass effect

SUBLINGUAL ADMINISTRATION

rapid absorption the effect appears after a few minutes

used in an emergency

avoids the first pass effect

correct intake of the drug
increased risk of side effects

 

 

Other articles on "Enteral routes of administration"

1. Routes of drug administration
2. Route of oral administration, per os