Stress is actually a positive physiological response of the organism, because it activates the hormonal secretion of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, so that the entire human body naturally puts itself on "alert" to react with defense or escape systems. .
Without stress he would not be able to respond effectively to such stimuli.
Chronic stress o distress: this is what happens when, in a given period of our life, the problems and commitments that affect us are exorbitant compared to our resources and ability to deal with them at that given moment. Stressful events that are too powerful, frequent or prolonged, or never faced before, overcome the possibility of resistance of the organism, inducing a "phase of exhaustion" of the response characterized by a critical reduction of our adaptive capacities, which predisposes to the development of the disease .
Frequent in our society is, for example, chronic malaise caused by work stress, caused by a variety of factors, including conditions of job insecurity, long journeys to reach the workplace, conflicts with colleagues or with the boss, severe pressures for maximum performance and efficiency, a reduction in the time to devote to oneself and to the family, an imbalance between commitment and responsibility on the one hand and remuneration on the other.
The first symptoms of the stress reaction are constituted, on a physical level, by acceleration of the heartbeat, intense sweating, indigestion, aches and muscle pains; on a psychological level, agitation and nervousness appear, accompanied by difficulty concentrating, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety and depression.
Prolonged stresses are at the origin of the so-called psychosomatic illnesses, which can be classified as mixed responses in which psychological distress is associated with contemporary physical manifestations, and in which the subject often realizes only the physical suffering, involuntarily eluding the emotional component. They consist of headache , skin diseases, pathologies of the gastrointestinal system (gastritis, gastric ulcer, irritable bowel), cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension), pain localized on the spine (neck pain, back pain).
, etc.
The Back school program is characterized by six cornerstones: information, preventive, analgesic and rehabilitative gymnastics, correct use of the spine, relaxation techniques, diet and lifestyle, habit of motor activity.
In situations of tension and anxiety, the muscles remain contracted and circulation is thus reduced, with a consequent reduction in the supply of oxygen and removal of waste; in addition, there is an increase in intradiscal pressure by 50%. All this can cause stiffness. joint, disc disease, spondyloarthrosis and inflammatory processes due to ischemic pain.
A study has shown that music therapy is a valid complementary treatment for those suffering from chronic back pain, also helping to reduce the anxiety and depression resulting from this pathology. (Guetin et al, 2005).
Another very important study has shown that back and neck pain can be caused by professional activity, both for physical and psychosocial stress. (Hagen et al., 1998).
It is therefore useful to carry out breathing exercises to unblock the diaphragm and obtain a better cellular functioning of all organs and systems through good oxygenation, do stretching exercises to relieve muscle tension and use music to enhance its effects.
J Clin Nurs, 2008 Feb 19
Coluzzi R. (edited by), Music therapy and pregnancy, Rome, The Minotaur, 2004
Corradini Mario, Biomusic. Music therapy in its integral method. Ed. Life. Rome 1996
Corradini Mario. Initiation to music therapy. Exercises of relaxation, reclamation and balance with biomusic. Mediterranean editions. Rome 1999
Cremaschi Trovesi G., The vibrant body. Theory and practice and experiences of music therapy with deaf children, Rome, Magi Scientific Editions, 2001
Danon M., Feeling good with music: music therapy, personal growth and joie de vivre, Sonzogno, Milan 1997
De Angeli N., Considerations in music therapy, Patron, Bologna 1978
Della Bella R., A growing discipline: music therapy, from ScuolAmadeus, Milan, Franco Angeli, 2000
Delli Ponti, Luban, The third ear. From "listening to music therapy, IV Revised and Expanded Edition., Scientific Center Editions, Rome, 2000
Music therapy in Italy: school, handicap, mental health, Idelson, Naples 1995
Don Campbell: The riddle of the Mozart effect. Natural Health, Jan-Feb., 1998
D "Ulisse M.E., Polcaro F., Music therapy and autism, Phoenix, Rome 2000
Ezzone S., Baker C., Rosselet R., Terepka E .: Music as an adjunct to antiemetic therapy. Oncology Nursing Fo-rum 1998; 25: 1551-1556
Fornari F., Psychoanalysis of Music, Longanesi, Milan, 1984
Gaggero G., Musical experience and music therapy. Mimesis, Milan, 2003
Ghilardone M., Music therapy and communication disorders , Turin, Omega Editions, 1995
Guaraldi G.P., Music therapy: critical and evolutionary aspects. In: Lorenzetti L.M. (edited by), Art and psychology, Franco Angeli (Psychological research), Milan 1982
Guerra Lisi S., Music therapy in the globality of languages, Borla, Rome, 1998
Guétin S, Coudeyre E, Picot MC, Ginies P, Graber-Duvernay B, Ratsimba D, Vanbiervliet W, Blayac JP, Hérisson C .: Effect of music therapy among hospitalized patients with chronic low back pain: a controlled, randomized trial. Ann Readapt Med Phys. 2005 Jun; 48: 217-24
Hagen KB, Magnus P., Vetlesen K .: Neck / shoulder and low-back disorders in the forestry industry: relationship to work tasks and perceived psychosocial job stress. Ergonomics 1998 Oct; 41: 1510-8.
Halpen S. - Savary L., Sounds and health, Red, Como 1991
Hilliard RE:The effects of music therapy on the quality and length of life of people diagnosed with terminal cancer. J Music Ther 2003 Summer; 40: 113-37.
Janelli LM., Kanski G .: Music for untying restrained patients.Journal of New York State Nurses Association 1998; 29: 13-15
Jaušovec N., Jaušovec K., Gerlič I .: The influence of Mozart "s music on brain activity in the process of learning. Clinical Neurophysiology, Vol. 117, Issue 12, December 2006, Pages 2703-2714
Jausovec N, Habe K .: The influence of Mozart "s sonata K. 448 on brain activity during the performance of spatial rotation and numerical tasks. Brain Topogr. 2005 Summer; 17: 207-18
Kemper KJ, Danhauer SC .: Music as therapy. South Med J. 2005 Mar; 98: 282-8
Kerkvliet GJ .: Music therapy may help control cancer pain. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Mar 7; 82: 350-2 Khalfa S, Bella SD, Roy M, Peretz I, Lupien SJ .: Effects of relaxing music on salivary cortisol level after psychological stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Nov; 999: 374-6.Kraus N, Nicol T .: Brainstem origins for cortical "what" and "where" pathways in the auditory system.Trends Meurosci. 2005 Apr; 28: 176-81
Krout RE .: The effect of single-session music therapy interventions on the observed and self-reported levels of pain control, physical comfort, and relaxation of hospice patients. American Journal of Palliative Care, 2001, Nov-Dec, 18, 6, 383-390
Kumar AM, Tims F, Cruess DG et al .: Music Therapy Increases Serum Melatonin Levels in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 1999, 5, 6, 49-57
Labbé E, Schmidt N, Babin J, Pharr M .: Coping with stress: the effectiveness of different types of music. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2007 Dec; 32 (3-4): 163-8. Epub 2007 Oct 27
Lai HL, Good M .: Music improves sleep quality in older adults. J Adv Nurs. 2005 Feb; 49: 234-44.
Lazaroff I, Shimshoni R .: Effects of Medical Resonance Therapy music on patients with psoriasis and neurodermatitis - a pilot study. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science Jul-Sep 2000, 35, 3, 189-198
Lecourt E., Music therapy, Italian edition edited by G. Manarolo, Assisi, Cittadella Editrice, 1992
Lindsay S .: Music in hospitals. British Journal of Hospital Medicine 1993; 11: 660-662
Lorenzetti L.M., Antonietti A., Music therapy through his writings, Franco Angeli, Milan, 1985
Magill-Levreault L .: Music therapy in pain and symptom management. J Palliat Care. 1993 Winter; 9: 42-8.
McCaffrey R., Locsin RC. :Music listening as a nursing intervention: a symphony of practice.Holistic Nursing Practice 2002; 16: 70-77
Manarolo G., The angel of music: music therapy and psychic disorders, Omega, Turin 1996
Mandel SE, Hanser SB, Secic M, Davis BA .: Effects of music therapy on health-related outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial. J Music Ther. 2007 Fall; 44: 176-97
Maratos A, Gold C, Wang X, Crawford M .: Music therapy for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jan 23 ;: CD004517
Mccaffrey R. Freeman E.:Effect of music on chronic osteoarthritis pain in older people. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2003; 517 - 524
Mc Clellan R., Music to heal: history, theory and practice of the therapeutic uses of sound and music, Muzzio, Padua 1993
Mutti G., Music therapy, reality & future: proceedings of the 5th world congress of music therapy, Omega, Turin 1985
Nilsson U., Rawal N., Unestahl L.E., Zetterberg C. and M. Unosson: Improved recovery after music and therapeutic suggestions during general anaesthesia: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, Aug 2001, 45, 7, 812-817
Orff G., Orff Music Therapy: an "active stimulation of the child's development, Cittadella, Assisi, 1993
Patrick G .: The effects of vibroacoustic music on symptom reduction. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 1999 Mar-Apr; 18: 97-100.
Piatti M. (edited by), Speech and music disorders, PCC phonographic and musical editions, Assisi 1984
Pirelli, Russo.,The medicine of sounds: relational sound experiences as self-care, Borla ed. Rome 1998
Port, How to heal yourself with music, Giovanni De Vecchi, Milan 1984
Porzinato, Psychology of Music, Patron, Bologna 1984
Postacchini P.L. - Ricciotti A. - Borghesi M., Outlines of music therapy, Nis, Rome 1997
Postaccini P.L., Music therapy lecture notes, Assisi, Document published by the Italian Federation of Music Therapy, 1992
Rasano C., Theoretical and practical music therapy, Giunti Barbera, Florence 1977
Renz M, Schutt Mao M, Cerny T .: Spirituality, psychotherapy and music in palliative cancer care: research pro-jects in psycho-oncology at an oncology center in Switzerland. Support Care Cancer 2005; 13: 961-6
Revesz G., Psychology of Music, Giunti Barbera, Florence 1983
Russo F., The medicine of sounds, Borla, Rome 1998
Salamon E, Kim M, Beaulieu J, Stefano GB .: Sound therapy induced relaxation: down regulating stress processes and pathologies. Med Sci Monit. 2003 May; 9: RA96-RA101
Särkämö T et al .: Music listening enhances cognitive recovery and mood after middle cerebral artery stroke. Brain 2008; 131: 866-76 Scardovelli M., Pan flute. Music, complexity, communication, Ecig, Genoa 1988Schmid W, Aldridge D .: Active music therapy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis patients: a matched control study. J Music Ther. 2004 Fall; 41: 225-40
Siedliecki SL, Good M: Effect of music on power, pain, depression and disability. J adv Nurs. 2006 Jun; 54: 553-62
Sliwka A, Jarosz A, Nowobilski R .: Music therapy as a part of complex healing. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2006 Oct; 21: 401-5
Sloboda J., The musical mind. Cognitivist psychology. Ed. Il Mulino
Smith JC, Joyce CA .: Mozart versus new age music: relaxation states, stress, and ABC relaxation theory. J Music Ther. 2004 Fall; 41: 215-24
Smith M., Casey L., Johnson D., Gwede C., Riggin OZ .: Music as a therapeutic intervention for anxiety in patients receiving radiation therapy. Oncology Nursing Forum 2001; 28: 855-862
Sridharan D, Levitin DJ, Chafe CH, Berger J, Menon V .:Neural dynamics of event segmentation in music: converging evidence for dissociable ventral and dorsal networks. Neuron. 2007 Aug 2; 55: 521-32
Toso B., Back School, Neck School, Bone School: planning, organization, management and verification, Edi Ermes, Milan, 2003
Toso B.,Back School, Neck School, Bone School: specific work programs for spinal pathologies, Edi Ermes, Milan, 2003
Umenura M, Honda K .: Influence of music on hearth rate variability and comfort - a consideration through comparison of music and noise. Journal of Human Ergology (Tokyo) Dec, 1998, 27, 1-2, 30-38
Valsecchini, Psychology of Music and Music Therapy, Rome, Armando Editore, 1983
Wachi M., Koyama M., Utsuyama M., Bittman BB., Kitagawa M., Hirokawa K .: Recreational music-making modulates natural killer cell activity, cytokines, and mood states in corporate employees. Med. Sci. Monit. 2007 Jan18; 13: CR57-70
White JM .: Music as intervention: a notable endeavor to improve patient outcomes.Nurses Clinical North Ameri-can 2001; 36: 83-92
Wigram J., Saperston B., West R., Manual of the art and science of music therapy, ISMEZ, Rome, 1997
Ziv N, Granot A, Hai S, Dassa A, Haimov I .: The effect of background stimulative music on behavior in Alzheimer's patients. J Music Ther. 2007 Winter; 44: 329-43
